列车对列车无线通信中的信道特性分析

摘要：

列车对列车(Train-to-train, T2T)通信能为现有车-地专网通信提供保障,其信道特性直接影响上层通信技术的应用。首先,根据铁路运营场景的空间分布结构和菲涅尔带理论提出一种适用于平原和长直隧道场景下追踪列车间直接通信的频率分配方案,并结合由降雨引起电波衰减的估算方法分析多频段无线信道的大尺度衰落。其次,推导T2T通信的最大多普勒频移计算公式,并通过射线跟踪法描述隧道内多径波,以分析小尺度衰落。最后,在同等速度条件下,仿真分析得出T2T通信低频段最大多普勒频移值明显低于车-地通信频移值。

Abstract： Train-to-train (T2T) communication can provide protection for existing train-to-ground private network communication, and its channel characteristics directly affect the application of upper-layer communication technologies. In this study, based on the spatial distribution structure of railway operation scenarios and Fresnel zone theory, we propose a frequency allocation scheme for direct communication between tracking trains in flatland and long straight tunnel scenario. Then we use the estimation method of radio wave attenuation caused by rainfall to analyze the large-scale path loss fading of multi-band wireless channels. Furthermore, we derive the calculation equation of max Doppler frequency shift suitable for T2T communication and describe the multipath wave in the tunnel by ray tracing method to analyze small-scale fading. Simulation analysis shows that the Doppler shift value of T2T communication low frequency band is significantly lower than the frequency shift value of the train-to-ground communication under the same speed conditions．