作者：刘芳芳, 傅云霞, 马建敏, 任瑜, 雷李华
作者单位：上海市计量测试技术研究院, 上海 201203
关键词：计量学;球棒;球心距;干涉测量;光学装校
摘要：
激光干涉仪直接测量球棒球心距是目前国际上球棒标准器量值溯源的一种新颖且有效的方法，根据该原理构建球棒球心距测量装置。通过激光干涉仪校准、导轨滑动平台直线度调节以及球座和角锥反射镜座装校等方法，来降低几项主要误差来源，并进行实验及不确定度分析。当测量球心距为300 mm的标准球棒时，装置的扩展不确定度可达0.5 m。通过与德国DAkks校准证书中采用的三坐标测量机法进行比对，En值为0.41，验证不确定度评定的合理性。实验结果表明：该装置的构建为我国高精度球棒的量值溯源提供新的校准方案，具有良好实用性。
Measuring device and adjustment method for length of ball bar
LIU Fangfang, FU Yunxia, MA Jianmin, REN Yu, LEI Lihua
Shanghai Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology, Shanghai 201203, China
Abstract: The current innovative and effective method for measuring the length of ball bar in the world is to directly use laser interferometer, which could serve as the reference for the establishment of measuring device. These methods, such as the calibration of laser interferometer, straightness adjustment of slide platform, alignment of ball seat and reflecting mirror seat, etc., can be adopted to decrease the measurement errors. In addition, the uncertainty of this device should be calculated and evaluated through experiments. When the length of ball bar is 300 mm, the expanded uncertainty of device could reach 0.5 μm. Compared this device with CMM (calibration device mentioned in DAkks report), the En value is calculated as 0.41, which proves that the evaluation of uncertainty is reasonable. Based on the experiment results, this device has presented a new and pragmatic calibration method for ball bar's traceability.
Keywords: metrology;ball bar;length of ball bar;interferometry;optical alignment
2018, 44(9): 86-89 收稿日期: 2018-02-10;收到修改稿日期: 2018-03-24
基金项目: 国家质量基础的共性技术研究与应用重点专项（2017YFF0204800）
作者简介: 刘芳芳(1983-),女,内蒙古赤峰市人,高级工程师,博士,主要从事精密测量技术及仪器等方面的研究
参考文献
[1] Evaluation of laser based spherieal coordinate measurement system:ANSI/ASMEB89419-2006[S]. Ameriean National Standards Instiyute (ANSI)/Ameriean Soeiety of Meehanieal Engineers, 2006.
[2] Optical 3-D measuring systems optical systems based on area scanning:VDI/VDE 2634 Part 2-2012[S]. Verein Deutscher Ingenieure (VDI), 2012.
[3] 林超青, 胡辉, 黎雪明, 等. 一种五轴机床旋转轴定位精度检测和校正方法:201210484276. 2[P]. 2014-06-04.
[4] MURALIKRISHNAN B, SHILLING M, SAWYER D, et al. Laser scanner two-face errors on spherical targets[C]//29th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Precision Engineering, ASPE 2014-Boston, United States, 632-636.
[5] Standard test method for evaluating the performance of optical tracking systems that measure six degrees of freedom (6DOF) pose:ASTM-E3064-16[S]. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2017.
[6] 产品几何技术规范(GPS)数字摄影三坐标测量系统的验收检测和复检检测:GB/T 34890-2017[S].北京:中国质检出版社, 2017.
[7] 裴丽梅, 杭伟, 杨自本, 等. 球棒校准国际比对[J]. 现代计量测试, 2001(1):37-40
[8] ZIEGERT J, REA D. Design and testing of a one dimensional measuring machine for determining the length of ball bars[C]//Proceedings of the 2001 Annual American Society of Precision Engineers Conference. Arlington, Virginia, 2001.
[9] LEE V. Uncertainty of dimensional measurements obtained from self-initialized instruments[D].USA:Clemson Univers ity, 2010.
[10] 谭泽祥, 董明利, 燕必希, 等. 基于摄影测量的基准尺长度测量系统的调节与误差分析[J]. 计量学报, 2017, 38(5):553-558
[11] 刘芳芳, 张丰, 马建敏, 等. 球棒标准器的量值溯源方法[J]. 计量技术, 2015(12):57-60
