作者：熊小平¹, 杨明², 樊淑宏¹, 罗婷婷¹, 徐小平¹

作者单位：1. 四川大学华西药学院, 四川 成都 610041;
2. 四川省体育科学研究所, 四川 成都 611731

关键词：植物油;甾醇;脂肪酸;GC-MS

摘要：

该文建立GC-MS法对植物油中的甾醇和脂肪酸含量进行测定，研究常用植物油中甾醇和不饱和脂肪酸的分布规律。采用程序升温法，由安捷伦毛细管GC柱HP-5MS UI（30 m×0.250 mm×0.25 μm）和HP-88（60 m×0.250 mm×0.2 μm）分离植物油中的甾醇和脂肪酸。结果表明，植物油经皂化，正己烷提取后进样分析，在24~420 μg/mL的范围内菜籽甾醇等5个甾醇的线性关系良好（R=0.999 1~0.999 5），检测限在1~2 μg/mL；13种植物油中均检出β-谷甾醇（含量79.54~6 185.42 mg/kg），均未检出菜籽甾醇和麦角甾醇，其中橄榄油和小麦胚芽油中无豆甾醇，牡丹油和山茶籽油中无菜油甾醇。13种植物油均富含不饱和脂肪酸（76%~92%），同时含有较丰富的多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）的ω-3系和ω-6系，可按比例调配食用，补充机体修复所需。所建立的GC-MS检测法可快速灵敏地适用于植物油中的甾醇类和脂肪酸类组分的定量分析。

Research on the distribution of phytosterols and fatty acids in 13 kinds of vegetable oils by GC-MS
XIONG Xiaoping¹, YANG Ming², FAN Shuhong¹, LUO Tingting¹, XU Xiaoping¹
1. West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
2. Sichuan Sports Science Research Institute, Chengdu 611731, China
Abstract: GC-MS methods were developed to determine the contents of sterols and fatty acids in 13 different vegetable oils. Distributions of sterols and unsaturated fatty acids in common vegetable oils were studied. Sterols and fatty acids in vegetable oils were respectively separated by Agilent Capillary GC column HP-5MS UI (30 m×0.250 mm×0.25 μm) and HP-88 (60 m×0.250 mm×0.2 μm), using a temperature programmed procedure. Results showed that linearities of the five sterols were good at a range of 24-420 μg/mL (R=0.999 1-0.999 5), and the limit of detection was 1-2μg/mL when vegetable oils were saponified and then extracted with n-hexane. β-sitosterol was detected in thirteen kinds of vegetable oils, and the content was in the range of 79.54-6 185.42 mg/kg. Rapesethol and ergosterol were not detected in the thirteen kinds of vegetable oils. Among them, there were no stigmasterol in olive oil and wheat germ oil, no campesterol in peony oil and camellia seed oil. Result of fatty acids test showed that, 13 vegetable oils all contained unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) (76%-92%). Distributions of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids were rich. They could be used proportionally to offer the nutritions to body. Methods of this article can quickly and sensitivly detect the content of sterols and fatty acids in vegetable oils, which are good method for quantitative analysis.
Keywords: vegetable oil;phytosterols;fatty acids;GC-MS
2019, 45(2):64-71  收稿日期: 2018-04-16;收到修改稿日期: 2018-06-28
基金项目:
作者简介: 熊小平(1994-),女,重庆万州市人,硕士研究生,专业方向为药物分析
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