作者：李加伟, 张永祥, 赵磊

作者单位：海军工程大学，湖北 武汉 430033

关键词：齿轮裂纹;故障诊断;频谱编辑;调制信号双谱

摘要：

齿轮产生裂纹故障时，其振动信号中的周期性故障冲击成分易被其他旋转部件的谐波信号以及背景噪声淹没，导致故障特征难以提取。针对这一问题，首先用改进的频谱编辑方法对原始信号中谐波分量进行抑制，提高信噪比；然后对编辑后的信号进行双谱分析，采用相邻切片融合平均的方法对双谱进行降噪，从降噪后双谱中选取故障特征频率明显的切片进行组合平均得到复合切片谱，进而提取出齿轮的故障特征。仿真和实验信号表明：在低信噪比条件下，频谱编辑与调制信号双谱相结合的方法能够有效抑制谐波信号以及白噪声的干扰，提取出故障特征，实现齿轮裂纹故障诊断。

Gear crack fault diagnosis based on spectrum editing and modulation signal bispectrum
LI Jiawei, ZHANG Yongxiang, ZHAO Lei
Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan 430033, China
Abstract: When a gear has a crack, the periodic fault impact components in the vibration signal are easily submerged by the harmonic signals of other rotating parts and background noise, which makes it difficult to extract the fault characteristics. To solve this problem, firstly using an improved spectrum editing method to suppress the harmonic components in the original signal to improve the signal-to-noise ratio, and then perform bispectrum analysis on the edited signal, and use the method of fusion and average of adjacent slices to perform bispectrum analysis. In noise reduction, slices with obvious fault characteristic frequencies were selected from the bispectrum after noise reduction and combined and averaged to obtain a composite slice spectrum, and then the fault characteristics of the gear were extracted. Simulation and experimental signals show that under the condition of low signal-to-noise ratio, the method of combining spectrum editing and modulation signal bispectrum can effectively suppress the interference of harmonic signals and white noise, extract fault characteristics, and realize the fault diagnosis of gear cracks.
Keywords: gear crack;fault diagnosis;spectrum editing;modulation signal bispectrum
2021, 47(2):98-105  收稿日期: 2020-08-21;收到修改稿日期: 2020-09-21
基金项目: 军队重点预研基金项目（9140A27020413JB11076）；国家自然科学基金项目（41631072，41774021）；湖北省自然科学基金项目（2017CFB672）
作者简介: 李加伟(1996-),男,湖北孝感市人,硕士研究生,专业方向为装备状态监测与故障诊断
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