作者：王旺1, 刘源2, 胡鹤鸣2, 谢代梁1
作者单位：1. 中国计量大学计量测试工程学院，浙江 杭州 310018;
2. 中国计量科学研究院，北京 100029
关键词：水位测量;超声传播时间法;超声时差法;声速梯度;水位测试平台
摘要：
水位的测量广泛用于储罐容积换算领域。研制一套液介式超声水位测量装置，并研究影响其测量能力的关键技术问题。在实验室条件下，基于自主搭建的高精度相对位移法水位测试平台，对超声水位测量装置及其声速补偿的测量准确度进行研究，并对声速梯度、波束倾角等现场因素的影响进行深入测试分析。结果表明：在实验室的测量范围内，超声水位的测量误差小于0.1 mm；超声时差法的声速测量相对误差小于0.005%，声速准确度是水位测量能力的重要保障。声速梯度是储罐静置水体中水位测量的难点问题之一，可通过梯度分布的声速进行补偿；小幅度波束倾角对测量结果的影响较小，–1°~1°范围内波束倾角引起的水位测量误差小于0.01%。
Research on precision measurement method of water level based on ultrasonic propagation time
WANG Wang1, LIU Yuan2, HU Heming2, XIE Dailiang1
1. College of Metrology & Measurement Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018,China;
2. National Institute of Metrology,China, Beijing 100029,China
Abstract: The measurement of water level is widely used in the field of storage tank volume conversion. A set of liquid-medium ultrasonic water level measuring device was developed, and the key technical issues affecting its measuring capability were studied. In the laboratory, based on the self-built high-precision relative displacement water level test platform, the measurement accuracy of the ultrasonic water level measuring device and its sound velocity compensation has been studied. The influence of the sound velocity gradient and beam inclination angle on the spot factors was also analyzed. The results show that: within the measurement range of the laboratory, the measurement error of the ultrasonic water level is less than 0.1mm; the relative error of the sound velocity measurement of the ultrasonic time difference method is less than 0.005%. The accuracy of sound velocity is an important guarantee for the ability of water level measurement. The sound velocity gradient is one of the difficult problems of the water level measurement in the stationary water body of the storage tank. It can be compensated by the sound velocity of the gradient distribution; the small amplitude beam inclination has little effect on the measurement results, and the water level measurement error caused by the beam inclination in the range of –1°-1° is less than 0.01%.
Keywords: water level measurement;TOF;ultrasonic time difference method;sound velocity gradient;water level test platform
2022, 48(4):35-41,52 收稿日期: 2021-03-12;收到修改稿日期: 2021-04-15
基金项目: 国家重点研发计划(2017YFF0206303)
作者简介: 王旺(1996-)，男，安徽铜陵市人，硕士研究生，专业方向为高精度超声液位测量
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