作者：高山1,2, 李春辉2, 李小亭1
作者单位：1. 河北大学质量技术监督学院, 河北 保定071002;
2. 中国计量科学研究院, 北京100029
关键词：pVTt法气体流量标准装置;附加体积处质量变化;泄漏量;音速喷嘴;不确定度
摘要：
pVTt法气体流量标准装置是国内外普遍使用的原级气体流量标准装置，主要用于音速喷嘴流量计的检测。附加体积处质量变化和泄漏量的准确评估是制约微小pVTt法气体流量标准装置测量准确度水平的关键因素。该文首先就附加体积处质量变化和泄漏量对微小pVTt法气体流量标准装置测量结果的影响进行理论分析，确定标准装置的不确定度；其次，以3支小音速喷嘴作为传递标准，对100 L pVTt法气体流量标准装置与2 m3 pVTt标准装置及德国物理技术研究院（PTB）的气体流量标准装置进行比对，比对结果的良好一致性可验证分析方法的可行性及装置的不确定度水平。
The performance evaluation and verification of micro pVTt gas flow standard facility
GAO Shan1,2, LI Chunhui2, LI Xiaoting1
1. College of Quality and Technical Supervision, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China;
2. National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China
Abstract: The pVTt gas flow standard facility is widely used as the primary gas flow standard facility. It is mainly used for the calibration of the sonic nozzle flowmeters. The accurate evaluation on the mass change in the inventory volume and leakage is the key factor that restricts the accuracy of the micro pVTt gas flow standard facility. Firstly, the influence of mass change in the inventory volume and leakage on the measurement results of the micro pVTt gas flow standard facility is theoretically analyzed, so the uncertainty of the facility is confirmed; and then, three small sonic nozzles are used as the transfer standard, with which the comparison among the 100 L pVTt gas flow standard facility, the 2 m3 pVTt standard facility and the gas flow standard facility of Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) are conducted. Based on the good consistency of the comparison results, the feasibility of the analysis method and the uncertainty of the facility are verified.
Keywords: pVTt gas flow standard;mass change in the inventory volume;leakage;sonic nozzle;uncertainty
2019, 45(3):108-113 收稿日期: 2018-07-18;收到修改稿日期: 2018-08-21
基金项目: 国家重点研发计划“国家质量基础的共性技术研究与应用”重点专项资助（2017YFF0205305）
作者简介: 高山(1993-),男,河南信阳市人,硕士研究生,专业方向为气体流量计量;李春辉(1977-),女,天津市人,研究员,博士,主要研究方向为气体流量计量标准装置及流量计
参考文献
[1] 蔡武昌. 微小流量仪表性能及其应用[J]. 石油化工自动化, 2009, 4(4):1-5
[2] 常光玲. 大气采样器计量标准的测量不确定度[J]. 化学分析计量, 2008, 17(4):16-17
[3] 徐亚.气体小流量计量方法研究与标准装置开发[D].长沙:中南大学, 2012.
[4] NAKAO S. Development of the pVTt system for very low gas flow rates[J]. Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, 2006, 17(3):193-200
[5] BERG R F, TISON S A. Two primary standards for low Fflows of gases[J]. Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2004, 109(4):435-450
[6] WRIGHT J D, JOHNSON A N. Design and uncertainty analysis for a PVTt gas flow standard[J]. Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2003, 108(1):21-47
[7] ISHIBASHI M, MORIOKA T. The renewed airflow standard system in Japan for 5-1000m3/h[J]. Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, 2006, 17:153-161
[8] 曹培娟, 李春辉, 崔骊水, 等. 高压pVTt法气体流量标准装置不确定度实现及验证[J]. 计量学报, 2017, 38(6):697-701
[9] NAKAO S. Development of a calibration facility for small mass flow rates of gas and the uncertainty of a sonic venturi transfer standard[J]. Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, 1996, 7:77-83
[10] Measurement of gas flow by means of critical flow venturi nozzles:ISO-TC 30/SC 2.ISO9300[S]. Paris:Int. Org. for Standardization, 2005.
[11] 曹培娟. 滞止压力对音速喷嘴流出系数的影响研究[D]. 保定:河北大学, 2016.
[12] LI C H, CUI L S, WANG C. The uncertainty analysis and capability verification for the high pressure pVTt gas flow facility of NIM[C]//17th Flomeko. Sydney, 2016.
[13] MICKAN B,KRAMER R,DOPHEIDE D. Comparisons by PTB,NIST,and LNE-LADG in air and natural gas with critical venture nozzles agree with 0.05%[C]//6th ISFFM. NIST, 2006.
[14] MAURICE G C. Evaluation of key comparison data[J]. Metrologia, 2002, 39:589-595
[15] MAURICE G C. The eEvaluation of key comparison data:determining the largest consistent subset[J]. Metrologia, 2007, 44:187-200
