作者：刘世聪, 王秋生, 娄浩然

作者单位：北京工业大学建筑工程学院, 北京 100124

关键词：离心模型;水下爆炸;水状态方程;人工粘性系数;网格尺寸

摘要：

数值模拟是研究水下爆炸非常重要的一种方式，但由于爆炸试验条件的限制，许多数值计算缺少试验背景，从而降低了数值结果的普适性。该文以离心机水下爆炸试验为基础，验证水下爆炸理论基础-相似准则在数值计算上的合理性，通过多模型工况下的计算结果对比，研究影响水下爆炸数值计算精度的相关参数，并提出取值建议，最后将数值计算结果与水下爆炸试验结果相结合，共同验证在水下爆炸中冲击波及气泡脉动规律。结果表明：水的多项式状态方程计算出的冲击波峰值较Shock状态方程小，水的状态方程对气泡脉动影响不大；当一次项人工粘性系数小于0.02时，峰值增加已不明显。人工粘性系数对气泡脉动影响不大；二维模型下，测点的爆距越大，要到达计算精度要求，需要的网格尺寸越小。三维模型下，当网格尺寸取与炸药半径相近的尺寸时，能很好地模拟气泡脉动的全周期，且与试验数据的误差最小。

Numerical simulation and centrifuge test verification of underwater explosion
LIU Shicong, WANG Qiusheng, LOU Haoran
College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
Abstract: Numerical simulation is a very important way to study the underwater explosion. However, due to the limitation of explosion test conditions, many numerical results lack experimental background, which reduces the universality of results. In this paper, based on the centrifuge underwater explosion test, the rationality of the theoretical basis of numerical simulation in the underwater explosion-similarity criterion were verified. By comparing the calculation results under multiple models, related parameters affecting numerical calculation accuracy of underwater explosion were studied, and give some value recommendations. Finally, the numerical calculation results were combined with the test results to jointly verify the laws of shock wave and bubble pulsation in underwater explosion. The results show that the shock wave peak value calculated by polynomial state equation of water is smaller than that of the shock state equation. The state equation of water has little effect on bubble pulsation; When the artificial viscosity coefficient of linear term is less than 0.02, the peak increase is not obvious. The artificial viscosity coefficient has little influence on bubble pulsation; In the two-dimensional model, the larger the explosion distance of measuring point is, the smaller the mesh size is required to reach the calculation accuracy. In the three-dimensional model. When the explosive radius is about equal to the explosive radius, the full cycle of the bubble pulsation can be well simulated, and the numerical data has minimum error from test data.
Keywords: centrifugal model;underwater explosion;state equation of water;artificial viscosity coefficient;mesh size
2019, 45(12):138-145  收稿日期: 2019-03-05;收到修改稿日期: 2019-04-20
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金重点资助项目（51339006）；北京市科委重点项目（Z161100002216001）
作者简介: 刘世聪(1993-),男,山东淄博市人,硕士研究生,专业方向为岩土与水下爆破
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