作者：吴艺豪1,2, 王洪辉1,2, 孟令宇2, 魏超宇2, 卓天祥2, 钟盼2, 刘一1,2
作者单位：1. 地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室（成都理工大学），四川 成都 610059;
2. 成都理工大学核技术与自动化工程学院，四川 成都 610059
关键词：地质灾害监测;数据传输;LoRa;低功耗
摘要：
针对目前使用的地质灾害监测系统普遍采用的基于2G/3G/4G及其他无线技术的单点独立通信方式所存在的功耗高、信号盲区大、费用高昂等问题，该文设计一种基于远距离无线电（long range radio，LoRa）的面向山区地质灾害监测的数传节点。系统基于STM32嵌入式控制器和SX1278无线通信模块，采用星型拓扑进行组网设计，实现远距离、高稳定性的传输链路，以解决山区地质灾害监测中的区域覆盖问题。通过在四川省某泥石流监测预警站的应用测试，结果表明：LoRa数传系统在泥石流监测区域的山地密林环境下信号覆盖范围良好（满足监测预警站800 m范围内的信号覆盖，丢包率低于5%），节点功耗低（电压3.6 V，平均静态工作电流0.39 mA，连续发射电流138.29 mA），能够有效解决复杂山区地质灾害监测数据的传输问题。
Development of LoRa-based data transmission system for geological hazard monitoring
WU Yihao1,2, WANG Honghui1,2, MENG Lingyu2, WEI Chaoyu2, ZHUO Tianxiang2, ZHONG Pan2, LIU Yi1,2
1. State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection (Chengdu University of Technology), Chengdu 610059, China;
2. College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
Abstract: For the problems of traditional geological disaster monitors with independent communication method based on 2G/3G/4G and other wireless technologies, such as high consumption, signal blind zone and expensive, a new design of the data transmission system based on LoRa for geological hazards is proposed. The node use STM32 embedded controller and LoRa-based SX1278 wireless communication module with star topology for networking design, constructs a transmission link with long communication distance and high-stability and solves the regional coverage problem in geological disaster monitoring in mountainous areas. The application test in a debris flow monitoring and warning station in Sichuan province shows that the LoRa-based data transmission system is well covered in dense forest environment of debris flow monitoring and warning station(within 800 meters of the monitoring and warning station, packet loss rate is less than 5%), and the node has low consumption(under the power supply of DC 3.6 V, average quiescent current is 0.39 mA, continuous transmitting current is 138.29 mA). It can effectively solve the transmission problem of geohazard monitoring data in complex mountainous areas.
Keywords: geological hazard monitoring;data transmission;LoRa;low power consumption
2021, 47(10):137-142 收稿日期: 2020-08-09;收到修改稿日期: 2020-10-04
基金项目: 国家创新研究群体科学基金（41521002）；四川省重点研发计划项目（2021YFS0324）
作者简介: 吴艺豪(1997-)，男，四川成都市人，硕士研究生，专业方向为仪器科学与技术
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