作者：吴丹, 张国城, 刘佳琪, 李晶晶, 赵红达
作者单位：北京市计量检测科学研究院，北京 100029
关键词：β射线法颗粒物浓度监测仪;校准膜片;量值溯源;校准方法
摘要：
β射线法颗粒物浓度监测仪需要周期性地对设备进行校准，以保障监测数据持续有效，成本低廉、性质稳定的校准膜片成为出厂和现场校准的首选，但对该膜片尚无统一的制作要求、标准和规范，无法进行量值溯源，因而校准结果差异性大，严重影响监测数据的有效性。该文通过自制校准膜片，探索溯源方法，并将溯源后的膜片用于仪器校准并对校准方式进行比较。研究表明校准膜片量值可用膜密度表示并能溯源至国家质量和长度基准； 3种不同零膜（空白纸带、空白模具、低膜密度膜片）校准方式中以空白模具作为零膜的校准效果最佳。经膜片校准后的仪器测量示值能满足JJG 846—2015的误差要求，但拟合曲线中斜率和截距不满足HJ 653—2013要求。因而，膜片校准仅能作为现场校准的方式之一，不能作为计量检测机构的权威方法。
Metrological traceability and comparison of calibration methods of the calibration diaphragms for β-ray particle concentration monitor
WU Dan, ZHANG Guocheng, LIU Jiaqi, LI Jingjing, ZHAO Hongda
Beijing Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China
Abstract: β-ray particle concentration monitor method requires periodic calibration to ensure sustained and effective monitoring data. Low-cost and stable properties of diaphragms become the first choice of the factory calibration and in-site calibration. However, no unified production requirements, standards and specifications to quantity traceability of the diaphragms resulted in differentiated monitoring data, which significantly influenced the effectiveness. In this paper, traceability method was explored by self-made calibration diaphragm and the performance of instrument were compared after three kinds of calibration methods. The results show that the property of calibrated films can be expressed by film density and can be traced to national quality and length datum. Blank mould as zero film showed the best calibration effect among the three different calibration methods of zero film (blank paper tape, blank mould, low film density). The instrument measurements after diaphragm calibration can meet the error requirements of JJG 846—2015, but the slope and intercept of the fitting curve do not meet the requirements of HJ 653—2013.Therefore, diaphragm calibration can only be used as one of the methods of field calibration, but can not be used as an authoritative method of measuring and testing institutions.
Keywords: β-ray particle concentration monitor;calibration diaphragm;quantity traceability;calibration method
2022, 48(4):136-140 收稿日期: 2021-01-10;收到修改稿日期: 2021-03-24
基金项目: 国家质量基础的共性技术研究与应用国家重点研发计划（2017YFF0205504）；中国计量测试学会第五届中国科协青年人才托举项目（YESS20200257）；国家市场监督管理总局技术保障专项项目（2020YJ004）
作者简介: 吴丹（1991-），女，四川乐山市人，高级工程师，博士，研究方向为颗粒物气溶胶研究
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