作者：陈川^1,2, 张强^1,2, 曹正锋³

作者单位：1. 国家电网公司电力智能传感技术实验室，北京 102209;
2. 国网智能电网研究院有限公司电力传感技术研究所，北京 102209;
3. 重庆邮电大学先进制造工程学院，重庆 400065

关键词：软磁铁氧体;局部放电;传输阻抗;NiCuZn

摘要：

高频电流法是检测电力电缆局部放电的重要手段，依据高频电流传感器磁芯的传输阻抗值可以判断局部放电是否发生以及局部放电的位置。电力电缆的服役环境较为复杂，环境温度和湿度变化较大，对磁芯的传输阻抗有很大的影响。目前，关于温度-湿度对磁芯性能的影响研究还未见报道。有鉴于此，基于固相反应法制备NiCuZn软磁铁氧体型高频电流传感器磁芯，测试起始磁导率、饱和磁感应强度和电阻率，重点研究不同温度和湿度下，NiCuZn软磁铁氧体传输阻抗的变化规律，测试温度循环变化下磁芯的传输阻抗值变化，并利用能谱仪(EDS)对实验后的磁芯主要化学成分进行表征，分析相关机理。实验结果表明：环境温度和湿度对铁氧体材料的性能影响非常显著，尤其当频率在60~100 MHz之间时，传输阻抗值最多降低约92%。

Effect research of ambient temperature and humidity on the performance of NiCuZn soft ferrite high frequency current transformer
CHEN Chuan^1,2, ZHANG Qiang^1,2, CAO Zhengfeng³
1. Electric Power Intelligent Sensing Technology Laboratory, State Grid Corporation, Beijing 102209, China;
2. Department of Electric Power Sensing Technology, State Grid Smart Grid Research Institute Co., Ltd.,Beijing 102209, China;
3. School of Advanced Manufacturing Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
Abstract: High frequency current method is an important method to detect partial discharge of power cable. According to the transmission impedance value of high frequency current transformer, whether partial discharge occurs and the location of partial discharge can be judged. The service environment of power cable is complex, and the ambient temperature and humidity change greatly, which has a great impact on the transmission impedance of magnetic core. At present, the research on the effect of temperature humidity on the performance of magnetic core has not been reported. Therefore, the magnetic core of NiCuZn soft magnetic ferrite was prepared based on the solid-state reaction method, and its initial permeability, saturated magnetic induction intensity and resistivity were tested. The variation law of transmission impedance of NiCuZn soft magnetic ferrite under different temperature and humidity was studied. The variation of transmission impedance under temperature cycle was tested. The changes of the main chemical components of the magnetic core after the experiment were characterized by energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), and the related mechanism was analyzed. The experimental results show that ambient temperature and humidity has a very significant effect on the performance of ferrite materials, especially when the frequency is between 60 MHz and 100 MHz, the transmission impedance value is reduced by about 92%.
Keywords: soft ferrite;partial discharge;transmission impedance;NiCuZn
2024, 50(4):180-186,200  收稿日期: 2022-02-17;收到修改稿日期: 2022-03-11
基金项目: 国家电网公司科技项目（5500-202058311A-0-0-00）
作者简介: 陈川(1984-),男,北京市人,高级工程师,博士,从事电力传感技术和磁性材料研究。
参考文献
[1] 曹俊平, 蒋愉宽, 王少华, 等. XLPE电力电缆接头缺陷检测关键技术分析与展望[J]. 高压电器, 2018, 54(7): 87-97
CAO J P, JIANG Y K, WANG S H, et al. Analysis and prospect of key technologies for detecting defects in XLPE power cable joints[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2018, 54(7): 87-97
[2] 刘凡, 徐洋涛, 孙茂一, 等. 基于HHT的高压电力电缆附件局部放电分析方法[J]. 中国测试, 2016, 42(4): 33-37
LIU F, XU Y T, SUN M Y, et al. Partial discharge analysis method for high-voltage power cable accessories based on HHT[J].  China Measurement & Test, 2016, 42(4): 33-37
[3] 李晓敏, 高妍, 王宇, 等. 干涉型光纤传感局放超声检测灵敏度影响研究[J]. 中国测试, 2019, 45(2): 89-93
LI X M, GAO Y, WANG Y, et al. Research on the sensitivity influence of interferometric fiber optic sensing for partial discharge ultrasonic detection[J].  China Measurement & Test, 2019, 45(2): 89-93
[4] 王瑜, 刘铟, 王玉鑫. 基于点对称图像的变压器局部放电信号故障诊断[J]. 中国测试, 2020, 46(11): 120-125
WANG Y, LIU I, WANG Y X. Fault diagnosis of partial discharge signals in transformers based on point symmetric images[J].  China Measurement & Test, 2020, 46(11): 120-125
[5] 余捷, 周洪庆, 赵建新, 等. 低温共烧NiCuZn系流延带制备及其性能研究[J]. 材料导报, 2013, 27(12): 5-7
YU J, ZHOU H Q, ZHAO J X, et al. Preparation and performance study of low temperature cofired NiCuZn cast tape[J]. Materials Reports, 2013, 27(12): 5-7
[6] APHESTEGUY J C, DAMIANI A, DIGIOVANNI D, et al. Microwave-absorbing characteristics of epoxy resin composites containing nanoparticles of NiZn-and NiCuZn-ferrites[J]. Physica B Condensed Matter, 2009, 404(18): 2713-2716
[7] 欧阳辰鑫, 肖淑敏, 施威, 等. 镍锌比和BSZ玻璃对NiCuZn铁氧体组织与性能的影响[J]. 电子元件与材料, 2015, 34(8): 52-55
OUYANG C X, XIAO S M, SHI W, et al. The effect of nickel zinc ratio and BSZ glass on the microstructure and properties of NiCuZn ferrite[J]. Electronic Components & Materials, 2015, 34(8): 52-55
[8] 邱华, 贾利军, 张素娜, 等. Al³⁺、Co²⁺取代对NiCuZn铁氧体材料微观结构和磁性能的影响[J]. 磁性材料及器件, 2019, 50(5): 10-13
QIU H, JIA L J, ZHANG S N, et al. The effect of Al³⁺、Co²⁺substitution on the microstructure and magnetic properties of NiCuZn ferrite materials[J]. Journal of Magnetic Materials and Devices, 2019, 50(5): 10-13
[9] 程利霞, 刘焕威, 苏童霓, 等. 预烧工艺对镍锌铁氧体微观结构和磁性能的影响[J]. 磁性材料及器件, 2021, 52(4): 65-69
CHENG L X, LIU H W, SU T N, et al. The effect of pre firing process on the microstructure and magnetic properties of nickel zinc ferrite[J]. Journal of Magnetic Materials and Devices, 2021, 52(4): 65-69
[10] 齐四清, 刘春晖, 陈更, 等. 极端温度条件对无线传感器通信可靠性影响的实验研究[J]. 中国测试, 2021, 47(S1): 188-192
QI S Q, LIU C H, CHEN G , et al. Experimental study on the impact of extreme temperature conditions on the reliability of wireless sensor communication[J].  China Measurement & Test, 2021, 47(S1): 188-192
[11] 陈孝信, 钱勇, 许永鹏, 等. 基于脉冲源的高频电流传感器传输阻抗测量新方法[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2019, 39(3): 120-124
CHEN X X, QIAN Y, XU Y P, et al. A new method for measuring transmission impedance of high-frequency current sensors based on pulse sources[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2019, 39(3): 120-124
[12] 王霖. 基于Ni-Zn铁氧体软磁材料的高频电流传感器研制[D]. 北京：华北电力大学, 2018.
WANG L. Development of high frequency current sensor based on Ni-Zn ferrite soft magnetic material[D]. Beijing: North China Electric Power University, 2018.
[13] 李楷威, 刘昕, 陈川, 等. CaCO₃添加对NiCuZn铁氧体磁性能及电学性能的影响[J]. 磁性材料及器件, 2019, 50(2): 10-14
LI K W, LIU X, CHEN C, et al. The effect of CaCO₃ addition on the magnetic and electrical properties of NiCuZn ferrite[J]. Journal of Magnetic Materials and Devices, 2019, 50(2): 10-14
[14] 刘卫沪, 颜铄清, 董丽, 等. NiCuZn铁氧体的偏置特性及温度稳定性研究[J]. 压电与声光, 2015, 37(1): 54-58
LIU W H, YAN S Q, DONG L, et al. Research on bias characteristics and temperature stability of NiCuZn ferrite[J]. Piezoelectrics and Acoustooptics, 2015, 37(1): 54-58
[15] 胡军, 钟立军, 倪哲明. 显微组织对NiCuZn铁氧体磁导率温度特性的影响[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2010, 44(12): 2416-2420
HU J, ZHONG L J, NI Z M. The effect of microstructure on the temperature characteristics of magnetic permeability of NiCuZn ferrite[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University (Engineering Edition), 2010, 44(12): 2416-2420
[16] 钟立军, 胡军, 倪哲明. 高频NiZn功率铁氧体的磁性能温度特性的研究[J]. 功能材料, 2009, 40: 292-296
ZHONG L J, HU J, NI Z M. A study on the temperature characteristics of magnetic properties of high-frequency NiZn power ferrite[J]. Journal of Functional Materials, 2009, 40: 292-296
[17] 包银芬. 锰锌铁氧体的湿度和电阻率[J]. 磁性材料及器件, 1984, 15(2): 52-57
BAO Y F. Humidity and electrical resistivity of manganese zinc ferrite[J]. Journal of Magnetic Materials and Devices, 1984, 15(2): 52-57