作者：王志强1, 张翠平1, 汪洋2, 李阿午1
作者单位：1. 太原理工大学机械工程学院, 山西 太原 030024;
2. 中国汽车技术研究中心, 天津 300300
关键词：CNG公交车;行驶工况;燃料消耗;排放测试
摘要：
采用GPS和车载排放测试装置，对太原市CNG公交车的行驶工况和在实际道路行驶时污染物排放进行测量。测量结果显示：太原市公交车的平均车速为33.83 km/h，最高车速为70 km/h，怠速比例为14.2%，拥堵情况主要发生在主干路上。被测CNG公交车在太原市综合道路上CO、NOx和THC的平均排放因子分别为3.44，9.54，1.89 g/km，在主干路上CO、NOx和THC平均排放因子为快速路和次干路平均排放因子的1.33、1.95和1.35倍。研究结果表明，公交车在中高速加速行驶时燃料消耗速率、CO和NOx排放速率会达到最大值，而在怠速急加速行驶时THC排放速率会达到最大值，并且频繁的加减速和怠速行驶都会使得燃料消耗和污染物排放增加，这些是造成太原市主干路上排放因子和燃料消耗率较高的主要原因。
Study on the relationship between the on-board emission and driving condition from CNG bus
WANG Zhiqiang1, ZHANG Cuiping1, WANG Yang2, LI Awu1
1. College of Mechanical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China;
2. China Automotive Technology and Research Center, Tianjin 300300, China
Abstract: Using GPS and vehicle emission test devices, the driving conditions of CNG buses in Taiyuan City and the emission of pollutants in the actual road are measured. The results show that the average speed of Taiyuan bus is 33.83 km/h, the maximum speed is 70 km/h, idle rate is 14.2%, and congestion occurs mainly in trunk roads. The average emission factors of CO, NOx and THC on the comprehensive road of the tested CNG bus are 3.44, 9.54 and 1.89 g/km, and the average emission factor of the CO 、NOx and THC on the trunk roads are 1.33, 1.95 and 1.35 times respectively the average emission factor on the expressway and sub-arterial road. The results show that the fuel consumption rate, CO and NOx emission rate will reach the maximum when the bus accelerates in the middle and high speed, and the THC emission rate will reach the maximum when the bus drastically accelerates in the idle speed, and the frequent acceleration, deceleration and idle speed will increase the fuel consumption and pollutant emission. These are the main reasons for the higher emission factor and fuel consumption rate of Taiyuan trunk road.
Keywords: CNG bus;driving cycle;fuel consumption;emission test
2018, 44(11): 50-55 收稿日期: 2018-06-15;收到修改稿日期: 2018-08-27
基金项目: 2015年工信部“中国新能源汽车产品检测工况研究和开发”项目（2018YFB0106402）
作者简介: 王志强(1992-),男,山西晋中市人,硕士研究生,专业方向为汽车现代设计理论与方法
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