作者：肖文文, 张缓缓, 轩飞虎

作者单位：上海工程技术大学汽车工程学院, 上海 201620

关键词：电动汽车;轮毂电机;平顺性;定位参数;仿真分析

摘要：

针对轮毂电机驱动电动汽车由非簧载质量大而引起的平顺性问题，通过增加车轮的质量进行仿真实验验证非簧质量增大确实会影响轮毂电机驱动电动汽车的平顺性。为改善轮毂电机驱动电动汽车的平顺性，通过多体动力学仿真软件ADAMS/Car建立某汽车的整车模型并对其进行平顺性仿真分析，建立的整车模型仿真实验主要由前后车轮、前后悬架、转向系统以及四柱实验台等组成。通过选取适当悬架的硬点坐标作为优化变量，以影响悬架的前束角、主销内倾角、外倾角、主销后倾角等定位参数变化范围作为优化目标。通过仿真实验可以看出，优化后的外倾角、前束角等影响悬架的定位角参数的变化优于优化前，从而使得悬架的综合性能达到最佳。结果表明，优化之后的悬架硬点坐标可以有效地改善轮毂电机驱动电动汽车的平顺性。

Optimization analysis of suspension positioning parameters for wheel hub motor drives electric vehicles

XIAO Wenwen, ZHANG Huanhuan, XUAN Feihu

School of Automotive Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China

Abstract: The paper is aimed at the poor ride comfort caused by the large unsprung mass of the in-wheel motor driven electric vehicle. It is verified that the increase of unsprung mass will indeed affect the ride comfort of in-wheel motor driving electric vehicles through a simulation experiment in which the mass of the wheel is increased. In order to improve the ride comfort of this kind of vehicles, the whole vehicle model is established with ADAMS/Car, a multi-body dynamic simulation software, and then the ride comfort is analyzed. The simulation experiment of the established whole vehicle model is mainly composed of the front and rear wheels, front and rear suspensions, steering system and four-column test bench. By taking the hard-point coordinates of the proper suspension as the optimization variables, the change range of the alignment parameters such as the toe angle, kingpin inclination angle, camber angle and kingpin caster angle that affect the suspension is taken as the optimization target. Through the simulation experiment, it is evident that the variation of the optimized alignment angle parameters that influence the suspension, such as camber angle and toe angle, is better than that before the optimization, so that the overall performance of the suspension after optimization can be optimal. The results also show that the hard point coordinates of the suspension after the optimization can effectively improve the ride comfort of in-wheel motor driving electric vehicles.

Keywords: electric car;wheel motor;ride comfort;alignment parameters;simulation analysis

2018, 44(9): 148-152  收稿日期: 2017-12-16;收到修改稿日期: 2018-01-16

基金项目: 

作者简介: 肖文文(1993-),男,江西赣州市人,硕士研究生,专业方向为电动汽车关键技术

参考文献

[1] 童炜.轮毂驱动电动车垂向特性及电机振动研究[D].北京:清华大学,2013.
[2] 刘万佳.电动汽车的非簧载质量变化对整车平顺性的影响[D].长春:吉林大学,2007.
[3] 余志生.汽车理论[M].5版.北京:机械工业出版社,2009:47-56.
[4] 丁亚康,翟润国,井绪文. 基于ADAMS/INSIGHT的汽车悬架定位参数优化设计[J]. 汽车技术, 2011(5):33-36
[5] 田野.双横臂独立悬架优化设计及整车平顺性仿真研究[D].沈阳:东北大学,2009.
[6] 许艳.基于Adams与MATLAB联合仿真电动车平顺性研究[D].长沙:湖南大学,2015.
[7] 付越.电动轮汽车平顺性和操纵稳定性仿真[D].长春:吉林大学,2014.
[8] 孙泽敏.基于ADAMS的某车悬架系统运动学仿真及优化[D].长春:长春工业大学,2014.
[9] 田野.双横臂独立悬架优化设计及整车平顺性仿真研究[D].沈阳:东北大学,2014.
[10] 汤爱华.基于ADAMS的平顺性仿真及悬架优化[D].重庆:重庆理工大学,2009.
[11] 丁亚康,翟润国,井绪文. 基于ADAMS/INSIGHT的汽车悬架定位参数优化设计[J]. 汽车技术, 2011(5):33-36
[12] 李捷,葛友刚,董永富. 双横臂独立悬架运动特性分析与优化[J]. 计算机仿真, 2012, 29(12):370-375
[13] 王冬良,陈南,刘远伟,等. 电动汽车轮毂电机-双横臂悬架系统设计与优化[J]. 机械设计与制造, 2016(10):99-103