作者：蒋冬清, 李三雁, 代春香

作者单位：四川大学锦城学院, 四川 成都 611731

关键词：有限元法;紧急制动;强度;挠度;风窗变形量

摘要：

针对某一具体型号的大型公交汽车，利用有限元法对其在紧急制动工况下车身、车架、地板骨架等整车重要部件进行强度、扰度和变形量分析。采用MSC-Nastran2010有限元分析软件，以壳单元为单元类型，按前后各一个吊耳的实际结构定义边界条件。建模完成之后对车身、车架等8个主要部件进行刹车工况的强度分析，然后对车身X、Z向进行挠度分析，完成风窗变形量的有限元分析。实验结果表明：整车强度和变形量都在设计允许范围之内，整车强度最薄弱位置出现在车辆左侧与前卫交接裙边处，而挠度最大值位置在顶盖处，风窗变形量较大位置在左右侧围的风窗，结论可为后续车辆设计和改进提供仿真依据。

Situation analysis of the vehicle under braking condition based on the finite element method

JIANG Dongqing, LI Sanyan, DAI Chunxiang

Jincheng College of Sichuan University, Chengdu 611731, China

Abstract: The finite element method was used to analyze the strength, deflection and deformation of important components such as bus body, frame and floor frame of a large public bus under the condition of emergency braking. MSC-Nastran 2010 software was mainly used, the unit type selected for the analysis was shell unit and the boundary conditions were defined according to the actual structure that a lug was set in the front and rear part. After themodelling was finished, the strength analysis of the eight main components including the bus body and frame was carried out under an emergency braking condition, and then the deflection of bus body in X and Z directions was analyzed, and finally, finite element analysis was carried out for the deformation of the wind window. The experiment results show that the strength and deformation of the whole vehicle are within the allowable range, the weakest position of the vehicle strength is at the front skirt edge at the left side, the maximum deflection occurs at the top cover, and the large wind window deformation occurs at the left and right side of wind window, which provide simulation basis for subsequent design and improvement of vehicles.

Keywords: finite element method;emergency braking;strength;deflection;wind window deformation

2017, 43(11): 140-144  收稿日期: 2017-05-20;收到修改稿日期: 2017-07-06

基金项目: 

作者简介: 蒋冬清(1984-),女,广西桂林市人,讲师,硕士,主要从事机械制图、机械设计、智能机器人等方面的研究。

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