作者：曹喜果1, 张永涛1, 单英雷2
作者单位：1. 新疆工程学院能源工程学院, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830091;
2. 上海市电力公司电力科学研究院, 上海 200437
关键词：超临界机组;动态特性;机理分析;模型辨识
摘要：
超临界机组多变量耦合、强非线性、不确定性等特点给控制系统设计及调试带来一定的困难，而研究超临界机组主要被调量的动态特性并建立结构简单的协调模型可很好地解决以上问题。该文将机理建模与试验建模进行结合，对结构复杂的协调控制模型进行优化，针对某600 MW超临界机组，在机理分析模型结构的基础上，根据模型之间的共性，对模型结构进行简化。通过现场试验获取主要调节量即燃料量、给水量、阀门开度扰动下的动态特性，采用改进的粒子群算法辨识获得600 MW超临界机组三输入三输出的数学模型，该模型动态特性与理论分析保持一致，验证模型可靠性。此外，模型结构简单且能很好地反映超临界机组的动态特性，可为进一步研究超临界机组及控制器的设计提供参考。
Research on the optimization model of coordinated control system for 600 MW supercritical unit
CAO Xiguo1, ZHANG Yongtao1, SHAN Yinglei2
1. College of Energy Engineering, Xinjiang Institute of Engineering, Urumqi 830091, China;
2. Electric Power Research Institute, Shanghai Municipal Electric Power Company, Shanghai 200437, China
Abstract: Supercritical unit has the characteristics of multivariable couping, strong nonlinearity and uncertainty, which brings difficulties to the design and debugging of the control system. Research on the dynamic characteristic of main regulated variable and building of the simply-structured coordinated control model can be helpful to resolve these problems. The paper combines the mechanism modeling with experimental modeling to optimize the complex structure of the coordinated control model, and simplifies the model structure for a 600 MW supercritical power unit based on mechanism analysis on its structure and the commonality between models. Through field test, dynamic characteristics of 600 MW supercritical unit under the manipulating variable such as fuel quantity, feed water quantity and valve opening are obtained, and then a mathematic model with three-input and three-output is attained by identification with improved particle swarm optimization. The dynamic characteristics of the achieved model conform with the theoretical analysis, so the model's reliability is validated. Besides, the model has simple structure and good dynamic performance, which provides references for the futher study of supercritical units and the design of controller.
Keywords: supercritical unit;dynamic characteristic;mechanism analysis;model identification
2018, 44(2): 147-152 收稿日期: 2017-07-06;收到修改稿日期: 2017-09-10
基金项目: 新疆工程学院科研基金项目（2016xgy121812）
作者简介: 曹喜果(1989-),女,河南平顶山市人,讲师,硕士,主要研究方向为热工过程优化与控制等。
参考文献
[1] 唐飞,董斌,赵敏. 超超临界机组在我国的发展及应用[J].电力建设,2010,31(1):80-82.
[2] 方彦军,李鑫,胡文凯,等. 基于动态机理分析的超超临界机组锅炉中间点温度控制模型研究[J]. 热力发电,2014,40(7):41-44.
[3] 秦志明,刘吉臻,张栾英,等. 直流炉机组简化非线性动态模型[J]. 动力工程学报,2013,33(12):955-961.
[4] 梁庆娇,曾德良,刘吉臻,等. 1000 MW超超临界机组的建模与仿真分析[J]. 华东电力,2011,39(11):1889-1892.
[5] 黄锦涛,陈听宽. 超临界直流锅炉螺旋管圈水冷壁动态特性[J]. 锅炉技术,2000,31(1):13-14.
[6] 刘树清,余圣方,周龙. 900 MW超临界直流锅炉蒸发器的数学模型与仿真研究[J]. 动力工程,2005,25(3):335-338.
[7] 李运泽,杨献勇,张勇,等. 超临界直流锅炉蒸发过程的模型与仿真[J]. 清华大学学报,2002,42(8):1117-1120.
[8] 闫姝,曾德良,刘吉臻,等. 直流炉机组简化非线性模型及仿真应用[J]. 中国电机工程学报,2012,32(11):126-134.
[9] CHAIBAKHSH A, GHAFFARI A, MOOSAVIAN S A A. A simulated model for a once-through boiler by parameter adjustment based on genetic algorithms[J]. Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory,2007(15):1029-1051.
[10] GHAFFARI A, CHAIBAKHSH A, PARSA H. An optimization approach based on genetic algorithm for modeling benson type boiler[C]//Proceedings of the 2007 American Control Conference,2007.
[11] 赵志丹,顾涛,陈志刚,等. 超临界600 MW机组协调控制的优化[J]. 热力发电,2014,43(2):117-121.
[12] 赵志丹,段云光,梁朝,等. 华电芜湖电厂超超临界660 MW机组模拟量控制系统的优化[J]. 热力发电,2011,40(6):61-64.
[13] 谷俊杰,张永涛,曹喜果,等. 超(超)临界直流锅炉蓄热系数计算[J]. 动力工程学报,2015,35(3):173-177.
[14] CHAIBAKHSH A, GHAFFARI A, MOOSAVIAN S A A. A simulated model for a once-through boiler by parameter adjustment based on genetic algorithms[J]. Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory,2007,15(9):1029-1051.
[15] 陈贵敏,贾建媛,韩琪. 粒子群优化算法的惯性值递减策略研究[J]. 西安交通大学学报,2006,40(1):53-56.
