作者：张虎¹, 谷丰收^1,2, 王铁¹, 王欢欢¹, 党轩¹, 李国兴¹, 魏娜莎²

作者单位：1. 太原理工大学车辆工程系, 山西 太原 030024;
2. 哈德斯菲尔德大学工程与效能中心, 曼彻斯特 HD1 3DH

关键词：柴油机;故障诊断;声发射;机油压力

摘要：

为诊断某新型单缸柴油机缸体表面异常声发射信号，将声发射传感器布置在柴油机不同部位进行定位分析，通过对比不同位置及不同机油压力下声发射信号的峰值响应，结合限压阀的工作原理，最终确定异常声发射信号来源于机油压力的异常，并通过倒拖试验进行验证，实现柴油机早期故障的诊断。诊断结果表明：该型单缸柴油机预设机油压力偏高。当机油压力设置过高时，限压阀回位力随之增大，阀芯落座时，对阀体的冲击力变强，从而产生尖锐的异常声发射信号，与此同时，证明声发射监测技术对柴油机早期故障诊断的有效性，具有较好的推广应用价值。

Early fault diagnosis of diesel engine based on abnormal acoustic emission signal

ZHANG Hu¹, GU Fengshou^1,2, WANG Tie¹, WANG Huanhuan¹, DANG Xuan¹, LI Guoxing¹, WEI Nasha²

1. Department of Vehicle Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China;
2. Centre for Efficiency and Performance Engineering, University of Huddersfield, Manchester HD1 3DH, UK

Abstract: In order to diagnose the abnormal acoustic emission signal of a new type of single-cylinder diesel engine block on surface, an acoustic emission sensor is arranged in different parts of the diesel engine to carry out location analysis. By comparing the peak response of the acoustic emission signal at different positions and different oil pressures, in combination with the working principle of the pressure limiting valve, it is found that the abnormal acoustic emission signal is derived from the abnormality of the oil pressure. It is verified by a reversed towing test and the early fault of the diesel engine is diagnosed. The results show that the preset oil pressure of the single-cylinder diesel engine is high. If the oil pressure is set too high, the return force of the pressure limiting valve increases and when the spool is seated, the impact to the valve body becomes stronger, resulting in sharp abnormal acoustic emission signal. At the same time, it proves the effectiveness of acoustic emission monitoring technology for early fault diagnosis of diesel engine and also proves the technology has good application value.

Keywords: diesel engine;fault diagnosis;acoustic emission;oil pressure

2018, 44(3): 28-32  收稿日期: 2017-07-13;收到修改稿日期: 2017-08-27

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（51375326）

作者简介: 张虎(1993-),男,陕西咸阳市人,硕士研究生,专业方向为发动机故障诊断。

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