作者：周继昆, 张荣, 凌明祥, 张毅
作者单位：中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所, 四川 绵阳 621999
关键词：精密机床;主轴回转误差;在线测试;三点法;标准球;外基准测量
摘要：
为实现对高精度机床主轴回转误差的在线实时测量，根据机床机械结构特点，采用标准球及外基准测量方法间接对机床主轴径向位移进行测量，并利用三点法误差分离算法将主轴圆度误差与回转误差分离，得到纯回转误差。依据所提出的测试方法，基于PXI总线数据采集技术建立测试系统硬件部分，并利用PXI外部时钟同步采集卡实现主轴径向位移信息的等角度同步采样；在LabVIEW开发环境下，开发在线测试软件，对回转误差进行在线分离。利用该系统对某机床进行在线测试，测试结果表明，测试系统可以在线将机床主轴纯回转误差从径向位移信息中分离出来，并达到较高的测试准确度。
Spindle rotary error online test system of high precision machine tool
ZHOU Jikun, ZHANG Rong, LING Mingxiang, ZHANG Yi
Institute of Systems Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, China
Abstract: To realize real-time online measurement of spindle rotary error of high precision machine tool, based on the mechanical structure of machine tool, the standard ball and external reference measurement method was used to measure the radial displacement of the spindle indirectly and three-point method (error separation algorithm) was used to separate the spindle roundness error and rotary error so as to obtain the pure rotary error. According to the proposed test method, the hardware part of test system was created based on PXI bus data acquisition technology and the PXI external clock synchronization collection card was used to realize the equiangular and synchronous collection of spindle radial displacement information. Online test software was developed in LabVIEW development environment, with which the spindle rotary error can be separated on line. A machine tool was tested online with the developed test system and the test results showed that the developed test system can separate pure spindle rotary error from radial displacement information online with a high accuracy.
Keywords: precision machine tool;spindle rotary error;online test;three-point method;standard ball;external reference measurement
2016, 42(7): 64-67 收稿日期: 2015-10-30;收到修改稿日期: 2015-12-16
基金项目: 国家重大科学仪器专项（2011YQ13004702）
作者简介: 周继昆(1987-),男,重庆市人,工程师,硕士,主要从事测控技术方面的研究工作。
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