作者：王晓光1,2, 梁晋1,2, 郭楠1,2, 孟繁昌1,2
作者单位：1. 西安交通大学机械工程学院 机械制造系统工程国家重点实验室, 陕西 西安 710049;
2. 广东顺德西安交通大学研究院, 广东 佛山 528300
关键词：焊接;数字图像相关法;非接触检测;热输入
摘要：
针对薄板焊接结构的大变形研究，目前采用数值模拟方法计算量大且误差较大，传统的应变片等测量手段无法实现焊缝处的在线密集测量。该文提出基于数字图像相关法的非接触检测方法对大型Q235薄板进行平板堆焊变形测量，重点研究热输入对薄板面内面外变形规律的影响。实验结果表明：基于数字图像相关技术的焊接变形测量方法能够在线、动态、全场获取薄板变形数据；随着热输入的增大，薄板的Z向面外变形及横向/纵向的面内变形也越大；冷却结束后，在焊缝处及热影响区内，薄板的纵向应变较小，而横向应变较大。热输入影响下的薄板焊接变形规律为揭示薄板焊接变形机理提供可靠的依据，为焊接结构件提供准确的制造数据。
Research of welding distortion in thin plate based on digital image correlation method
WANG Xiaoguang1,2, LIANG Jin1,2, GUO Nan1,2, MENG Fanchang1,2
1. State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China;
2. Guangdong Shunde Xi'an Jiaotong University Academy, Foshan 528300, China
Abstract: Based on the research on large deformation of plate welding structure, current numerical simulation method features large amount of calculation works and large error, and the traditional strain gauges and other measuring methods can not achieve the on-line intensive measurement for welds. In this paper, a non-contact detection method based on digital image correlation(DIC) method is proposed for bead-on-plate welding deformation of large Q235 material, which focuses on the research of influence of thermal input on external deformation rule of inner surface of plate. The test results show that the welding deformation measurement method based on digital image correlation technique can obtain the data of plate deformation in online, dynamic and overall way. With the increase of thermal input, the out-of-plate deformation in Z direction and in-plate deformation in longitudinal/transverse direction will be greater. Within the welds and thermal affect zone, longitudinal strain of the plate is small while transverse strain is large after cooling. The welding deformation rule under the influence of thermal input can provide reliable basis for reveal of welding deformation mechanism and provide accurate design and manufacturing data for welding structure components.
Keywords: welding;digital image correlation method;non-contact detection;heat input
2017, 43(1): 8-12 收稿日期: 2016-04-25;收到修改稿日期: 2016-06-03
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（51421004）；广东省公益研究与能力建设专项资金（2014A010104003）
作者简介: 王晓光(1990-),男,河北张家口市人,硕士研究生,专业方向为逆向工程与三维光学摄影测量。
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