作者：刘波1,2, 王晓蕾1, 康钊菁1, 杭天渊1, 苏腾3
作者单位：1. 解放军理工大学气象海洋学院, 江苏 南京 211101;
2. 解放军理工大学野战工程学院, 江苏 南京 210007;
3. 中国酒泉卫星发射中心, 甘肃 酒泉 732750
关键词：降雨发生装置;喷头;雨强;雨滴谱;影响因素
摘要：
为研究降雨发生装置产生降雨场的特性，并为喷头进一步的CFD仿真提供实测数据，用激光雨滴谱仪进行系统测试，提出基于降雨发生装置的测试方法和测试指标，建立喷头的高度、压力和口径等参量与模拟降雨场的降雨特征参量之间的相互关系。结果表明：喷头高度与雨滴下落末速度成正相关关系，与雨滴的最大直径无关，随着高度增加，速度的最大增幅可达57%；喷头压力与降雨强度成正相关关系，与雨滴下落末速度和谱分布成负相关关系，根据降雨强度的稳定性确定3种类型喷头的最佳工作压力分别为0.09，0.07，0.06 MPa；喷头口径与降雨强度和雨滴谱分布在一定范围内成正相关关系。
The experimental research on the factors of rainfall intensity and raindrop properties of a rainfall generator
LIU Bo1,2, WANG Xiaolei1, KANG Zhaojing1, HANG Tianyuan1, SU Teng3
1. College of Meteorology and Oceanography, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 211101, China;
2. College of Field Engineering, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210007, China;
3. Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, Jiuquan 732750, China
Abstract: In order to quantify the rainfall properties of rainfall generator and provide a reference for the CFD models of nozzles, systematic experiments under laser disdrometerare conducted, the test method and indicators of rainfall generator are investigated. The relationship between the height of nozzle, operating pressure, nozzle diameter and rainfall characteristic parameters are established and evaluated subsequently. Experimental results show that, the height of nozzle and the terminal velocity have positive correction while the maximun diameter is in reverse and the growth of terminal velocity approaches 57% with the increasing of diameter. Operating pressure is positively correlated with rainfall intensity, and the termianal velocity and raindrop size distribution are negatively correlated. Combining with the stability of the rainfall intensity, the best working pressure of three types of nozzlesare ascertained as 0.09 MPa, 0.07 MPa and 0.06 MPa. Nozzle diameter are positively correlated with rainfall intensity and drop size distribution in a certain range.
Keywords: rainfall generator;spray nozzle;rainfall intensity;raindrop size distribution;factors
2017, 43(2): 125-129 收稿日期: 2016-07-18;收到修改稿日期: 2016-09-05
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（41327003，41475020）
作者简介: 刘波(1991-),男,湖南娄底市人,博士研究生,研究方向为军事气象计量与测试技术。
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