作者：刘鹏祖¹, 张思琪², 游江¹, 回丙伟³

作者单位：1. 中国人民解放军63870部队，陕西 华阴 714200;
2. 西安现代控制技术研究所，陕西 西安 710065;
3. 国防科技大学，湖南 长沙 410073

关键词：炮口扰动;高速相机;摄影测量;三角交会

摘要：

针对大口径火炮炮口扰动三维参数的测量问题，提出一种基于光学图像三角测量原理的炮口扰动测量方法。首先简述光学图像测量原理，而后研究基于标定板的相机标定方法，以及基于标志点区域模板的亚像素定位方法，实现相机内外参数的优化，以及标志点自动检测与定位，最后建立立体交会模型，利用最小二乘法求解出空间点三维坐标。此外，分析影响测量精度因素，为光学三角测量提供参考。实验结果表明：该方法能够准确获取炮口扰动规律，空间定位精度及位移测量精度优于0.5 mm，满足炮口扰动工程测试需求并为武器系统设计验证提供数据支撑。

Optical measurement method for three-dimensional parameters of muzzle disturbance
LIU Pengzu¹, ZHANG Siqi², YOU Jiang¹, HUI Bingwei³
1. 63870 Troops of The Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Huayin 714200, China;
2. Xi’an Modern Control Technology Research Institute, Xi’an 710065, China;
3. National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
Abstract: Aiming at the measurement problem of the three-dimensional parameters of the muzzle disturbance on large-caliber artillery, the method based on optical image triangulation is proposed. Firstly,the principle of optical image measurement is described. Then the camera calibration method based on calibration plate and sub-pixel positioning method based on marker area template is studied, which realized the optimization of the camera's internal and external parameters and the automatic detection and location of landmarks. Finally, the three-dimensional intersection model is built and the three-dimensional coordinates of space points are solved by least square method. In addition, the factors affecting the measurement accuracy are analyzed, which provides a reference for optical triangulation. The experiment result shows that:the method can accurately obtain the muzzle disturbance law, and spatial positioning accuracy and displacement measurement accuracy are better than 0.5 mm, which meets the muzzle disturbance engineering test requirement, and provides data support for the weapon system design and verification.
Keywords: muzzle disturbance;high-speed camera;photogrammetry;triangle intersection
2020, 46(8):51-57  收稿日期: 2019-07-17;收到修改稿日期: 2019-09-20
基金项目:
作者简介: 刘鹏祖（1987-），男，甘肃武威市人，工程师，硕士，主要从事机器视觉及性能测试方面研究
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