作者：赵美娟^1,2, 陈静², 陈怀宁²

作者单位：1. 中国科学技术大学材料科学与工程学院，辽宁 沈阳 110016;
2. 中国科学院金属研究所 中国科学院核用材料与安全评价重点实验室，辽宁 沈阳 110016

关键词：深孔法;残余应力;数值模拟;测量精度;误差因素

摘要：

深孔法作为一种适用于金属与复合材料构件中三维残余应力的测量方法，采用该技术时的测量误差或不确定度是工程应用中应该关注的问题。针对实际测量过程中的角度偏差及Z向应力导致的误差问题，该文以Q345低合金钢为研究对象，采用有限元法分析该技术应用过程中的误差分布规律。结果表明：参考孔两次测量的角度偏差不超过6o时，测量结果误差可忽略；测量方向与实际主应力方向间的偏差角度与其引起的测量误差之间符合二次函数关系，且偏差角度不超过6o产生的误差将小于1%；Z向应力对测量结果的影响较为复杂，原始应力完全弹性释放或Z向应力与原始应力引起的孔径变形状态相同时影响较小，误差值与Z向应力之间符合三次函数关系。

Accuracy factors analysis on three-dimensional residual stress measurement of deep-hole drilling method
ZHAO Meijuan^1,2, CHEN Jing², CHEN Huaining²
1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China;
2. CAS Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
Abstract: Deep-hole drilling method is effective for measuring three-dimensional residual stress in metal and composite components. The measurement accuracy of residual stresses should be concerned in the practical application. For the problems of angle deviation and the residual stress along thickness direction, residual stress error distribution rule was analyzed with finite element method in the low-alloy steel Q345. The results showed that the reference hole diameter error caused by independent measurement could be ignored when the angle deviation was less than 6o. The relationship between the error and deflection angles conformed to quadratic function fitting relationship and measurement error could be guaranteed to be less than 1% when the relative deviation angle between the measured and actual principal stress direction was less than 6o. However, error caused by the residual stress along thickness direction was complex and it was related to the original stress. The influence of stress along thickness direction could be ignored when the residual stress could be released completely. However, the error caused by the residual stress along thickness direction was complex. When the original residual stress could be released completely or the deformation caused by the stress along thickness direction was same as that of the original stress, the influence was minor and the relationship between the error and stress along thickness direction was cubic function.
Keywords: deep-hole drilling method;residual stress;numerical simulation;measurement accuracy;error factors
2021, 47(6):20-26  收稿日期: 2020-12-03;收到修改稿日期: 2021-01-11
基金项目:
作者简介: 赵美娟(1996-),女,湖北荆州市人,硕士研究生,专业方向为残余应力测量与数值模拟研究
参考文献
[1] LEGGATT R H, SMITH D J. Development and experimental validation of the deep hole drilling method for residual stress measurement[J]. Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design, 1996, 31: 177-185
[2] GEORGE D, SMITH D J. Through thickness measurement of residual stresses in a stainless steel cylinder containing shallow and deep weld repairs[J]. International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping, 2004, 82(4): 279-287
[3] 赵美娟, 陈静, 陈怀宁. 套孔工艺对深孔法测量残余应力精度的影响[J]. 机械工程学报, 2020, 56(22): 38-45
[4] ZHENG G, HOSSAIN S, KINGSTONL E. An optimisation study of the modified deep hole drilling technique using finite element analyses applied to a stainless steel ring welded circular disc[J]. International Journal of Solids and Structure, 2017, 118: 146-166
[5] BROWN T B, DAUDA T A, TRUMAN C E, et al. Predictions and measurements of residual stress in repair welds in plates[J]. International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping, 2006, 83(11-12): 809-818
[6] 廖凯, 刘义鹏, 常星宇, 等. 深孔法技术在铝合金构件应力场测试中的应用[J]. 中国有色金属学报, 2015, 25(11): 3107-3112
[7] CARLOS G, RAJ D, ANTON S. Measurement of assembly stress in composite structures using the deep-hole drilling technique[J]. Composite Structures, 2017, 202(3): 119-126
[8] HU H X, LI S X, CAO D F. Measurement of manufacture assembly stresses in thick composite components using a modified DHD method[J]. Composite Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2020, 135: 1-13
[9] BATEMANA M G, MILLERA O H, PALMERA T J. Measurement of residual stress in thick section composite laminates using the deep-hole method[J]. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 2005, 47(11): 1718-1739
[10] 李侯君, 肖加余, 杨金水. 厚截面复合材料固化热-化学行为及残余应力研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2016, 30(21): 97-103
[11] HOSSAIN F, MAHMOUDI A H, TRUMAN C E. Application of deep hole drilling to the measurement and analysis of residual stresses in steel shrink-fitted assemblies[J]. Strain, 2011, 47: 412-426
[12] 张炯, 徐济进, 吴静远, 等. 深孔法残余应力测量技术研究[J]. 热加工工艺, 2015, 44(02): 109-111
[13] 潘龙, 邓楚铨, 徐振钦. 基于传递矩阵的钻孔应变法测量薄板残余应力[J/OL]. 中国测试: 1-7[2021-01-13]. http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/51.1714.TB.20200917.1523.002.html.
[14] TARAPHDAR P K, THAKARE J G, CHAN D. Novel residual stress measurement technique to evaluate through thickness residual stress fields[J]. Materials Letters, 2020, 277: 1-4
[15] GOUDAR D M, TRUMAN C E, SMITH D J. Evaluating uncertainty in residual stress measured using the deep-hole drilling technique[J]. Strain, 2011, 47(1): 62-74
[16] LI L, HU X, LI D Y. Effects of multi-support misalignments on hole straightness predict model in deep hole drilling[J]. Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering, 2020, 42(2): 673-694
[17] ZHOU H, RAO M D. On the error analysis of residual stress measurements by the hole-drilling method[J]. Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design, 1993, 28: 273-276
[18] 张杰, 付雪松, 刘崇远. X射线衍射法测量残余应力的相对误差及不确定度评定[J]. 宇航材料工艺, 2018, 48(4): 71-74
[19] 马小明, 欧清扬. 盲孔法测曲面残余应力时释放系数的数值模拟[J]. 华南理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2019, 47(12): 25-31
[20] 陈怀宁, 胡凯雄, 吴昌忠. 压痕应变法测量残余应力的不确定度分析[J]. 中国测试, 2010, 36(1): 24-27