作者：康达1,2, 孔庆茹3, 马啸啸3, 林珊珊1, 张宏1, 马兆光1, 吴慧慧1, 陈尧3
作者单位：1. 北京动力机械研究所，北京 100074;
2. 北京航空航天大学机械工程及自动化学院，北京 100083;
3. 南昌航空大学 无损检测技术教育部重点实验室，江西 南昌 330063
关键词：超声;全聚焦;定量误差;裂纹长度;裂纹取向
摘要：
虽然超声全聚焦成像(total focusing method，TFM)具有直观显示裂纹特征的明显优势，但通过TFM图像进行裂纹定量时不可避免地出现测量误差。该文采用模拟与实验对比的方式，分析TFM技术的裂纹定量误差。从超声波波长对缺陷深度的影响规律入手，分析和研究裂纹长度和取向的全聚焦图像测量误差原因。最后，通过模拟实验对比的方式验证裂纹定量误差。研究结果表明，裂纹上、下尖端的测量深度比实际深度均有所下沉，但两者下沉的深度基本相同，相差在0.6 mm以内，裂纹长度的测量误差范围为0~1 mm，带取向裂纹的取向测量误差基本保持在3°以内。因此，上、下尖端在深度上的测量误差对裂纹长度和取向的影响极小。经实验验证，裂纹深度、长度及取向误差的结论与模拟的结论一致。
Quantitative error analysis of crack defects in ultrasonic total focusing method imaging
KANG Da1,2, KONG Qingru3, MA Xiaoxiao3, LIN Shanshan1, ZHANG Hong1, MA Zhaoguang1, WU Huihui1, CHEN Yao3
1. Beijing Power Machinery Institute, Beijing 100074, China;
2. School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Non-destructive Testing Technology,Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
Abstract: Although total focusing method (TFM) has obvious advantages in displaying crack characteristics directly, measurement errors will inevitably occur in crack quantification using TFM images. The crack quantitative error of TFM technique was analyzed by simulation and experiment. Based on the influence law of ultrasonic wave length on defect depth, the error causes of the full-focus image measurement of crack length and orientation are analyzed and studied. Finally, the crack quantitative error is verified by simulation and experimental comparison. The results show that the measured depth of the top and bottom tip of the crack is slightly lower than the actual depth, but the sinking depth of the two is basically the same, the difference is within 0.6 mm, the measurement error range of the crack length is 0 to 1 mm, and the orientation measurement error of oriented crack is basically within 3°. Therefore, the measurement errors at the depth of the top and bottom tips have little effect on the crack length and orientation. The experimental results show that the results of crack depth, crack length and crack orientation error are consistent with the simulation results.
Keywords: ultrasonic;total focusing method;sizing error;crack length;crack orientation
2024, 50(2):136-145 收稿日期: 2021-04-30;收到修改稿日期: 2021-06-21
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（51705232）；南昌航空大学研究生创新专项资金项目（YC2022-093）
作者简介: 康达(1991-),男,河北保定市人,工程师,硕士,从事发动机关键部件无损检测研究。
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